The Role of Butyrate in Gut Health, Immunity, and Neurocognitive Function: A Review (2025)
Abstract Butyrate, a short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) produced via bacterial fermentation of dietary fiber in the colon, has emerged as a critical modulator of gut health, immune regulation, and neurocognitive function. This review explores the metabolic, immunological, and neurological roles of butyrate, examining its mechanisms of action and implications for chronic disease prevention. Current evidence underscores the necessity of dietary and lifestyle interventions to enhance butyrate production and optimize overall health outcomes. Introduction Butyrate, one of the principal SCFAs generated by gut microbiota, plays a fundamental role in maintaining colonic homeostasis, regulating immune responses, and supporting neural function. Recent studies have emphasized its influence on metabolic pathways, immune modulation, and the gut-brain axis. Understanding butyrate’s diverse physiological roles is essential for advancing therapeutic strategies targeting gut dysbiosis, inflammatory disorder...
