Nutritional Pharmacology and Cancer: Promise, Evidence, and Clinical Reality (2025)
Introduction Cancer care is evolving beyond a narrow focus on tumor destruction toward a more comprehensive model that considers metabolism, immunity, inflammation, and quality of life. Within this broader framework, nutritional pharmacology—the use of nutrients at pharmacological doses to influence biological pathways—has gained renewed interest. Proponents argue that certain nutrients, when administered at doses far exceeding dietary intake, may exert effects comparable to drugs: modulating oxidative stress, immune function, angiogenesis, and tumor metabolism. Critics counter that enthusiasm has outpaced evidence. The truth likely lies between these positions. This article examines the scientific rationale, clinical evidence, and limitations of nutritional pharmacology in cancer care, with particular attention to high-dose intravenous vitamin C , the most extensively studied example. What Is Nutritional Pharmacology? Nutritional pharmacology differs fundamentally from conventiona...